Concrete pavement



(No Model.)

J, GRANT.

CONCRETE PAVEMENT.

Patented Nov. 10, 1885.

N. PETERS, Pnawumognphr, wasumgeun, D. c.

Nrrnn STATES Artnr JOHN GRANT, OF OMAHA, NEBRASKA.

CONCRETE PAVEMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 330,110, dated November10.1885.

Application tiled July 3, 1885. Serial No. 170,605.

.To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN GRANT, a citizen of the United States, residingat Omaha, in

the county of Douglas and State of Nebraska,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements'in Concrete Pavements;and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, and Vto the letters and figures ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. j v

This invention relates to certain improvements in artificial pavements,and it has for its objects means to provide a pavement the removal ofthe stones or sections whereof is facilitated, while obviating thedanger of breaking the same, and be ornamental, cheap, and substantial.These objects I attain by the means illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in Which- Figure l represents a perspective view of myimproved pavement in section. Fig. 2 represents a cross-section of amodification thereof, and Fig. 3 represents a perspective view of one ofthe rods used in constructing my pavement.

In carrying out my invention I first grade my walk from six to twelveinches in depth; according to the character of the soil, which if itshould be sand or gravel the depth would only be dug four inches; but ifthe soil should be wet and clayey the depth should be eight, ten, ortwelve inches, and a sand, gravel, or cinder foundation, A, (rolledsolid,) laid to about four inches from the surface. This foundation isthen channeled or guttered, as indicated by the letter B, the channelsor gutters being about twelve inches wide and three inches deep, andfilled with a mixture of cement and sand, forming solid bases for thebricks or tile C, which are set upon the center of the concrete after ithas become sufficiently hard and set. rIhe rods or strips which form thespaces for the bricks are planed smooth, and are of a suitable width,and are preferably placed at intervals of four, six, or eight feet apartupon the concrete bases before mentioned. Between the rods or strips,and nearly to the top thereof, is filled a compound, D,

(No model.)

and ahalf inches in diameter and pointed,

and drive them into the course or layer just laid, at suitable intervalsapart and then fill' in the remaining space between the rods or -stripsand to the top thereof with the com-v pound F, composed of a mixture ofslag, limestone, or marble chips crushed fine and screened to remove thedust and mixed with4 cement and made into a thick mortar.

The iron pins are removed as the surface is gradually filled in, leavingspaces extending into the lower course, which are filled by the surfacecompound, forming ties uniting and securing the surface and the lowercourse together.

After suiicient time to allow the pavement to set, the rods are removed,leaving spaces between each stone, in which is dusted sand enough toeven the bricks or tile (that are dropped into the spaces) with thesurface of the pavement, the brick being either set upon their ends,sides, or faces, and may be of any style, shape, or manufacture.

The bricks being placed, the surface of the pavement is dusted with dryPortland cement, which fills the cracks between the bricks and thestones, making the pavement perfectly water-tight.

As is plainly seen, pavements and floors presenting beautiful effectsmay be made by the use of enamel bricks of different colors, and shouldany one of the bricks or stones crack or otherwise become injured it canb easily removed and replaced by another.

To remove a stone, it is evident by removing a border of bricks spacesufficient will remain to manipulate the raising of the stone withoutcracking the edges of the adjacent stones, and the two courses or layersof the stones being united and secured together by the means beforementioned, the danger of separation is obviated.

The rods used in constructing my pavement IOO are about four by two'inches in cross-section, and they kbeing removed and bricks' or tileofthe same size being placed in their spaces it will be seen that thebases upon which the bricks rest extend beyond each side of the same,(as indicated by the letter G,) preventing moisture and frost fromreaching the un` I do not confine myself to a single line of1 bricks ortile between the sections, but for convenience and ornamentation two ormore lines may be used between the sections, and also may be arranged toform some design.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

l. An artificial pavement laid in sections,`

having a line or, lines of bricks or tile between said sections,substantially .as and for the purposes herein set forth.

- 2. An artificial pavement laid in sections,

having a base of coarse material, an intermediate course of ne material,and an upper or wearing surface, the intermediate and wearing surface orcourse being divided vertically by a line or lines of brick ortile,substan tially as described.

3. An artificial pavement I the foundation of which is channeled orguttered, said channels or gutters being illed with a suitable concrete,said concrete being arranged .centrally below the division-lines of aseries of artificial stones and bricks, substantially as described.

4. An 'artificial pavement having a foundation channeled or guttered ofcoarse material, an intermediate course of liner material, and an upperor wearing surface, an intermediate and upper course being dividedvertically by a line or lines of brick or tile, and also securedtogether by ties of one course extending into the other, as and for thepurpses herein described.

5. An artificial pavement laid in sections-,- having a line or lines ofbeveled bricks or tile between each section, said bricks or tile beinglaid in beveled spaces, substantiallyL as described.

6. An artificial pavement laid in sections, having a line or lines ofbrick or tile between each section, the bricks or tile being rectangularin cross-section and laid in beveled spaces, the remaining spacesbetween the sidesy ofthe brick or tile-and the beveled sides of thespaces being filled with suitable material, substantially as described.f

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN GRANT.

Witness es WILLIAM W. KEYsoR, NILEs CALLANAN.

